The relationship between sense of coherence and emotional intelligence as individual health assets for mental health promotion in students and healthcare professionals: a scoping review.

Introduction: Workplace Mental health promotion in healthcare sector, is a global priority due to the stress associated with caregiving environments and the increase of mental health problems among health professionals and students. The role of emotional intelligence (EI) and sense of coherence (SOC) have been identified as critical health protectors. However, the relationship between them as well as the underlying mechanisms of these relationships on health benefits in this population is still unclear. Aim: To synthetize the existing literature on the relationship between emotional intelligence and sense of coherence, as well as their mutual impact on healthcare workers' and student's well-being. Method: A scoping review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. A systematic search was conducted in PsyCINFO, CINHAL, SCOPUS and PUBMED databases, using key-terms such as students, health professionals, emotional intelligence, and sense of coherence. Results: A total of 11 articles were included, with a range of years from 2014 to 2022. Evidence was found to support the positive relationship between sense of coherence and emotional intelligence. The use of EI as a training pathway to improve SOC and health promoting behaviors is suggested. The benefits of intervening on these factors contribute to improved health professionals' and students' general well-being and motivation for a better performance, either in their studies or clinical work. Conclusion: The positive relationship between emotional intelligence and a sense of coherence has direct and indirect benefits on students' and healthcare professionals' well-being. Future studies should address longitudinal and experimental analysis to confirm these findings.

Factors associated with external causes in elderly attended by the mobile emergency care service.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prevalence and factors associated with external causes in elderly people attended by the mobile emergency care service. METHOD: Cross-sectional study with 1,972 pre-hospital care records of elderly victims of external causes from 2019 to 2020. A descriptive and bivariate analysis was performed, with a significance level of 5% (p<0.05). RESULTS: The prevalence of external causes in elderly people attended by the mobile emergency service was 12.2%. Falling was the most frequent occurrence. The associations of the occurrence of falls with age from 90 years old (OR=29.31; p<0.001) and female gender (OR=5.38; p<0.001) stood out, as well as the suspicion of ingestion of alcoholic beverages with occurrence of violence (OR=4.17; p<0.001) and traffic accidents (OR=1.97; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The study showed factors associated with injuries due to external causes in theelderly and may support the formulation of coping strategies for this problem.

Use of technologies by nurses to promote breastfeeding: a scoping review.

OBJECTIVE: To map evidence on technologies used by nurses to promote breastfeeding in Health Services. METHOD: This is a scoping review, based on the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute and following the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews, carried out in 2022. The searches took place in seven databases, using the following combined descriptors: "nurse", "technology", "breastfeeding", and "health services". RESULTS: Fifteen articles were found, the first from 2000 and the last from 2022, all published in English with a predominance of productions in the United States of America (n = 5) and Brazil (n = 3). The link was the technology present in most studies (n = 11). However, with regard to classification, educational and hard technologies were the most used in promotion strategies (n = 14 and n = 12), respectively. CONCLUSION: The articles showed a variety of technologies used to promote breastfeeding in health services, and thus, contributing for the maintenance and duration of breastfeeding.

Sputum Biomarkers in Wood and Tobacco Smoke Etiotypes of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Introduction: There is a need to better understand the etiotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) beyond the tobacco-smoke (TS-COPD). Wood smoke COPD (WS-COPD) is characterized by greater airway compromise, milder emphysema, and slower rate of lung function decline than TS-COPD. However, it is unclear if these two etiotypes of COPD have differences in sputum biomarker concentrations. Objective was to compare sputum levels of selected sputum biomarkers between WS-COPD and TS-COPD, and healthy controls. Methods: Eighty-eight women (69±12 years) were recruited and classified into: WS-COPD (n=31), TS-COPD (n=29) and controls (n=28). Using ELISA, we determined induced sputum levels of metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5), interleukin-8 (IL-8), chemokine ligand 16 (CCL16/HCC-4) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-1). Differences were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney-U tests and correlation between airflow limitation and biomarkers by Spearman's test. Results: At similar degree of airflow obstruction, anthropometrics and medications use, the level of sputum CCL5 was higher in TS-COPD than WS-COPD (p=0.03) without differences in MMP-9, IL-8, CCL16/HCC-4, and VEGF-1. Women with WS-COPD and TS-COPD showed significantly higher sputum levels of MMP-9, IL-8 and CCL5 compared with controls (p<0.001). FEV1% predicted correlated negatively with levels of MMP-9 (rho:-0.26; P=0.016), CCL5 (rho:-0.37; P=0.001), IL-8 (rho:-0.42; P<0.001) and VEGF (rho:-0.22; P=0.04). Conclusion: While sputum concentrations of MMP-9, IL-8, and CCL5 were higher in COPD women compared with controls, women with TS-COPD had higher levels of CCL5 compared with those with WS-COPD. Whether this finding relates to differences in pathobiological pathways remains to be determined.

Factors associated with external causes in elderly attended by the mobile emergency care service / Factores asociados a causas externas en ancianos atendidos por el servicio de atención móvil de urgencia / Fatores associados às causas externas em idosos atendidos pelo serviço de atendimento móvel de urgência

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the prevalence and factors associated with external causes in elderly people attended by the mobile emergency care service. Method: Cross-sectional study with 1,972 pre-hospital care records of elderly victims of external causes from 2019 to 2020. A descriptive and bivariate analysis was performed, with a significance level of 5% (p<0.05). Results: The prevalence of external causes in elderly people attended by the mobile emergency service was 12.2%. Falling was the most frequent occurrence. The associations of the occurrence of falls with age from 90 years old (OR=29.31; p<0.001) and female gender (OR=5.38; p<0.001) stood out, as well as the suspicion of ingestion of alcoholic beverages with occurrence of violence (OR=4.17; p<0.001) and traffic accidents (OR=1.97; p<0.001). Conclusion: The study showed factors associated with injuries due to external causes in theelderly and may support the formulation of coping strategies for this problem.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar la prevalencia y los factores asociados a causas externas en ancianos atendidos por el servicio de atención móvil de urgencia. Método: Estudio transversal con 1.972 registros de atención pre hospitalaria de ancianos víctimas de causas externas en el período de 2019 a 2020.Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y bivariado, con un nivel de significación del 5% (p<0,05). Resultados: La prevalencia de causas externas en adultos mayores atendidos por el servicio de emergencia móvil fue de 12,2%. La caída fue la ocurrencia más frecuente. Se destacaron las asociaciones de la ocurrencia de caídas con la edad a partir de 90 años (OR=29,31; p<0,001) y el género femenino (OR=5,38; p<0,001), así como la sospecha de ingesta de bebidas alcohólicas con la ocurrencia de violencia (OR=4,17; p<0,001) y accidentes de tránsito (OR=1,97; p<0,001). Conclusión: El estudio mostró factores asociados a las lesiones por causas externas en ancianos y puede apoyar la formulación de estrategias de enfrentamiento de este problema.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência e fatores associados a causas externas em idosos atendidos pelo serviço de atendimento móvel de urgência. Método: Estudo transversal com 1.972 fichas de atendimento pré-hospitalar de idosos vítimas de causas externas no período de 2019 a 2020. Realizou-se análise descritiva e bivariada, com nível de significância de 5% (p<0,05). Resultados: A prevalência de causas externas em idosos atendidos pelo serviço móvel de urgência foi de 12,2%. A queda foi a ocorrência mais frequente. Destacaram-se as associações da ocorrência de queda com a idade a partir de 90 anos (OR=29,31; p<0,001) e o sexo feminino (OR=5,38; p<0,001), bem como da suspeita de ingestão de bebida alcoólica com a ocorrência de violência (OR=4,17; p<0,001) e acidentes de trânsito (OR=1,97; p<0,001). Conclusão: O estudo evidenciou fatores associados aos agravos por causas externas em idosos e poderá subsidiar formulação de estratégias de enfrentamento a essa problemática.

Geopolymer Foam Reinforced with Iron Ore Flotation Tailing for Potassium Adsorption and Controlled Release in Water.

A geopolymer foam was synthesized for the evaluation of its capacity for fast retention and slow release of potassium in water. The base matrix of the geopolymer binder was obtained by mixing metakaolin, sodium silicate, and sodium hydroxide solutions. A factorial design of experiments (DOE) was applied to analyze the effect of adding hydrogen peroxide, aluminum powder, soybean oil, and iron ore flotation tailing on the water absorption and compressive strength of the geopolymer samples. The best-performing samples were characterized and evaluated for morphological aspects, chemical stability in different pH ranges, optimal adsorption time, and the ability to release potassium in the water. The inclusion of hydrogen peroxide was not a statistically significant factor at the 95% confidence level. The inclusion of aluminum powder and oil increased the water absorption, whereas the addition of tailing decreased it. The addition of soybean oil and tailing contributed positively to the compressive strength, but the addition of aluminum powder caused its reduction. The tailing addition not only increased the porous samples compressive strength but also prevented large cracks in their structure. The optimized response of 63 wt % of water absorption and 6 MPa of compressive strength was achieved by adding 0.05% of Al-powder, 1.5% of soybean oil, and 20% of tailing on the geopolymer binder. This sample exhibited 72% open porosity, a maximum adsorptive capacity of q = 5.7 mg/g, and chemical stability at pH > 4. Adsorption stabilized after 9 h of contact with water. Kinetics modeling suggested that the concentration gradient and chemical reactions probably drove potassium adsorption. The potassium release step was possibly controlled by the concentration gradient. After 60 days, the water solution released only 28% of absorbed potassium.

Prevalência de atendimentos às vítimas de acidentes de trânsito durante a pandemia de COVID-19 / Prevalence of care for road traffic accident victims during the COVID-19 pandemic

Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência de acidentes de trânsito atendidos em um hospital de referência de urgência e emergência, no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Estudo transversal, com amostra de 364 adultos vítimas de acidentes de trânsito, com idade entre 18 a 60 anos, de ambos os sexos. Utilizou-se um formulário de caracterização sociodemográfica e as características do acidente para coletar os dados. As variáveis foram analisadas por meio da estatística descritiva, análise bivariada e pelo teste Exato de Fisher, com nível de significância de 5% (p<0,05). Resultados: Na amostra, observou-se predomínio de pacientes do sexo masculino (77,1%), motoristas (71,1%), envolvendo motocicleta (68,6%) e sem a utilização do equipamento de proteção (73,3%). As lesões predominantes nos acidentes foram as fraturas (70,8%). Conclusão: Apesar da prevalência de atendimentos de urgências às vítimas de acidentes de trânsito durante a pandemia de COVID-19 ter diminuído de 0,77% (2019) para 0,34% em 2020, percebeu-se que as variáveis ainda permaneceram predominantes. Logo, os achados compreendem uma ferramenta importante para as políticas de prevenção e promoção à saúde, visando a redução de mortes, lesões e incapacidades. Descritores: Acidentes de trânsito. Serviços médicos de emergência. Epidemiologia. COVID-19

Objective: To analyze the prevalence of traffic accidents attended at an urgent and emergency referral hospital, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Cross-sectional study with a sample of 364 adult victims of traffic accidents, aged between 18 and 60 years, of both sexes. A sociodemographic characterization form and accident characteristics were used to collect data. The variables were analyzed using descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and Fisher's Exact test, with a significance level of 5% (p<0.05). Results: In the sample, there was a predominance of male patients (77.1%), drivers (71.1%), involving motorcycle (68.6%) and without the use of protective equipment (73.3%). The predominant injuries in accidents were fractures (70.8%). Conclusion:Although the prevalence of emergency care for traffic accident victims during the COVID-19 pandemic decreased from 0.77% (2019) to 0.34% in 2020, it was noticed that the variables still remained predominant. Therefore, the findings comprise an important tool for prevention and health promotion policies, aiming at reducing deaths, injuries and disabilities. Descriptors: Accidents, traffic. Emergency medical services. Epidemiology. COVID-19

Efectos de las tecnologías educativas en la prevención y tratamiento de la úlcera diabética: revisión sistemática y metaanálisis / Effects of educational technologies on the prevention and treatment of diabetic ulcers: A systematic review and meta-analysis / Efeitos das tecnologias educativas na prevenção e tratamento da úlcera diabética: revisão sistemática e metanálise

Objetivo: analizar los efectos de las tecnologías educativas en la prevención y tratamiento de la úlcera diabética. Método: revisión sistemática realizada en siete bases de datos, un índice bibliográfico, una biblioteca electrónica y literatura gris. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 11 ensayos clínicos controlados aleatorizados. La síntesis de los resultados fue descriptiva y mediante metaanálisis. Resultados: las tecnologías educativas predominantes fueron la capacitación y la orientación verbal, se destacaron las tecnologías blandas-duras. En comparación con la atención habitual, las tecnologías educativas demostraron ser un factor protector para prevenir la incidencia de úlcera diabética (RR=0,40; IC 95%=0,18-0,90; p=0,03) y la evaluación de certeza de evidencia fue baja. Las tecnologías educativas también demostraron ser un factor protector para prevenir la incidencia de amputación en miembros inferiores (RR=0,53; IC 95%=0,31-0,90; p=0,02) y la certeza de evidencia fue muy baja. Conclusión: tecnologías educativas blandas-duras, como orientación verbal estructurada, juegos educativos, clase expositiva, capacitación teórico-práctica, video educativo, folder, rotafolio educativo y dibujos lúdicos, y tecnologías duras, como calzado terapéutico, plantillas, termómetro infrarrojo digital, kits para el cuidado de los pies, aplicación de telemedicina y teléfono móvil, resultaron efectivas para la prevención y el tratamiento de la úlcera diabética, sin embargo, es necesario que se realicen estudios más robustos.

Objective: to analyze the effects of educational technologies in the prevention and treatment of diabetic ulcers. Method: a systematic review conducted in seven databases, a bibliographic index, an electronic library and the Gray Literature. The sample consisted of 11 randomized controlled clinical trials. The synthesis of the results was descriptive and through meta-analysis. Results: the predominant educational technologies were training sessions and verbal guidelines, with soft-hard technologies standing out. When compared to usual care, the educational technologies presented a protective factor to prevent the incidence of diabetic ulcers (RR=0.40; 95% CI=0.18-0.90; p=0.03) and the certainty of the evidence assessment was low. The educational technologies also had a protective factor to prevent the incidence of lower limb amputations (RR=0.53; 95% CI=0.31-0.90; p=0.02) and certainty of the evidence was very low. Conclusion: soft-hard educational technologies such as structured verbal guidelines, educational games, lectures, theoretical-practical training sessions, educational videos, folders, serial albums and playful drawings, and hard technologies such as therapeutic footwear, insoles, infrared digital thermometer, foot care kits, Telemedicine app and mobile phone use, were effective for the prevention and treatment of diabetic ulcers, although more robust studies are required.

Objetivo: analisar os efeitos das tecnologias educativas na prevenção e tratamento da úlcera diabética. Método: revisão sistemática conduzida em sete bases de dados, um índice bibliográfico, uma biblioteca eletrônica e na literatura cinzenta. A amostra foi constituída de 11 ensaios clínicos controlados randomizados. A síntese dos resultados foi descritiva e por meio de metanálise. Resultados: as tecnologias educativas predominantes foram os treinamentos e as orientações verbais, destacando-se as tecnologias leve-duras. Na comparação com o cuidado usual, as tecnologias educativas apresentaram fator de proteção para prevenção da incidência de úlcera diabética (RR=0,40; IC 95%=0,18-0,90; p=0,03) e a avaliação de certeza da evidência foi baixa. As tecnologias educativas também tiveram fator de proteção para prevenção da incidência de amputação em membros inferiores (RR=0,53; IC 95%=0,31-0,90; p=0,02) e a certeza da evidência foi muito baixa. Conclusão: as tecnologias educativas leve-duras, como orientações verbais estruturadas, jogos educativos, aula expositiva, treinamentos teórico-práticos, vídeo educativo, folder, álbum seriado e desenhos lúdicos, e as tecnologias duras, a exemplo do calçado terapêutico, palmilhas, termômetro digital de infravermelho, kits de cuidados com os pés, aplicativo de telemedicina e telefone móvel, foram efetivas para prevenção e tratamento da úlcera diabética, porém, estudos mais robustos são necessários.

Resilience among primary care professionals in a time of pandemic: a qualitative study in the Spanish context.

OBJECTIVES: This study explores the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Spanish primary care structure and services and the mechanisms implemented by the primary care workforce to restore and reinforce their reference care model. DESIGN: An exploratory, qualitative study with semistructured interviews and a focus group discussion conducted during the fall semester of 2020. SETTING: Primary health centres in Madrid (Spain), chosen based on factors such as infection rates during the earliest stages of the pandemic and demographic and socioeconomic aspects. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 19 primary health and social care professionals were purposively selected. Criteria for inclusion were gender (male/female), at least 5 years of experience in their current position, category (health/social/administrative worker), and whether they worked in a rural or urban healthcare setting. RESULTS: Two main themes were identified: (1) reflecting on a model in crisis-particularly the reopening of centres to users and the proactive, participative strategies implemented by primary care professionals to reach their community; and (2) regaining a sense of purpose-how healthcare professionals implemented strategies to sustain their vision of their reference model. The COVID-19 pandemic exposed leadership deficiencies that, together with the initial unavailability of resources and difficulties maintaining face-to-face contact with users, triggered a sense of loss of professional identity. On the other hand, the analysis revealed potential strategies to restore and reinforce the traditional model, such as the adoption of digital technologies and reliance on community networks. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the importance of a solid reference framework and enhances the strengths and skills of the workforce to reinforce the community-based service provision model.

A mixed methods study using case studies prepared by nursing students as a clinical practice evaluation tool.

AIM: To identify the presence of variability in the evaluation of case studies prepared by nursing students during their primary care rotations based on the existing evaluation rubric. To explore the difficulties experienced by link lecturers and students in preparing and evaluating case studies. DESIGN: A mixed methods study. METHODS: The scores for the rubric items and the final grades for the case studies were collected from a sample of 132 cases. Qualitative information was collected by conducting open-ended interviews with lecturers and a focus group session with students. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were identified between the lecturers' mean final grades [F(5.136) = 3.984, p = 0.002] and a variety of items in the evaluation rubric (p < 0.05). In addition, effect sizes [η2 (≈0.14)] of considerable magnitude were found. Two themes emerged from the qualitative data: (1). the challenge of preparing the case studies and (2). the variable nature of the evaluations.

Effects of educational technologies on the prevention and treatment of diabetic ulcers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. / Efectos de las tecnologías educativas en la prevención y tratamiento de la úlcera diabética: revisión sistemática y metaanálisis.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the effects of educational technologies in the prevention and treatment of diabetic ulcers. METHOD: a systematic review conducted in seven databases, a bibliographic index, an electronic library and the Gray Literature. The sample consisted of 11 randomized controlled clinical trials. The synthesis of the results was descriptive and through meta-analysis. RESULTS: the predominant educational technologies were training sessions and verbal guidelines, with soft-hard technologies standing out. When compared to usual care, the educational technologies presented a protective factor to prevent the incidence of diabetic ulcers (RR=0.40; 95% CI=0.18-0.90; p=0.03) and the certainty of the evidence assessment was low. The educational technologies also had a protective factor to prevent the incidence of lower limb amputations (RR=0.53; 95% CI=0.31-0.90; p=0.02) and certainty of the evidence was very low. CONCLUSION: soft-hard educational technologies such as structured verbal guidelines, educational games, lectures, theoretical-practical training sessions, educational videos, folders, serial albums and playful drawings, and hard technologies such as therapeutic footwear, insoles, infrared digital thermometer, foot care kits, Telemedicine app and mobile phone use, were effective for the prevention and treatment of diabetic ulcers, although more robust studies are required.

Causes of death in patients with autoimmune and rheumatic diseases-a 16-year autopsy-based study.

Introduction: the autopsy is an essential medical procedure; however, its use has declined over the decades. In autoimmune and rheumatological diseases, anatomical and microscopic diagnosis is critical to diagnose of the cause of death. For this reason, our objective is to describe the cause of death in patients diagnosed with autoimmune and rheumatic diseases who underwent an autopsy in a Pathology reference center in Colombia. Materials and methods: a retrospective and descriptive study of autopsy reports. Results: between January 2004 and December 2019, 47 autopsies of patients with autoimmune and rheumatological diseases were performed. Systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis were the most common diseases. The leading cause of death was related to infections, being opportunistic infections in the majority of the cases. Conclusions: our autopsy-based study was focused on patients with autoimmune and rheumatological conditions. Infections are the leading cause of death, particularly opportunistic infections, diagnosed mainly by microscopy. Thus, the autopsy should continue to be considered the "gold standard" to determine the cause of death in this population.

Psychometric properties of an oral health literacy scale for people living with diabetes.

This study evaluated the construct validity of the instrument Oral Health Literacy among diabetics. A probabilistic random sample of 239 diabetics from an infinite population answered the 10 items of the questionnaire. The structural validity was assessed by confirmatory factor analysis and goodness of fit, chi-square per degrees of freedom ratio (X2/df), comparative fit index (CFI), goodness-of-fit index (GFI), and root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA). Internal consistency was estimated by the average variance extracted (AVE) and composite reliability (CR). The scores were dichotomized with the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval as the cutoff point. The three-dimensional model presented good quality parameters (X2 /df = 2.459; CFI = 0.988; TLI = 0.981) and poor RMSEA (0.078). Internal consistency was adequate; AVE for the Access, Understand/appraise, and Apply subscales were 0.831, 0.981, and 0.954 and the CR for these subscales were 0.893, 0.962, and 0.822, respectively. Inadequate literacy ranged from 41.8 to 48.1%. The three-dimensional model identified (access, understand/appraise, and apply) showed structural validity, good internal consistency, and understandability.

Family Care for Dependent Older People at Home: A Comparative Study between Brazil and Colombia / Cuidado familiar de adultos mayores dependientes en el hogar: un estudio comparativo entre Brasil y Colombia / Cuidado familiar de idosos dependentes no domicílio: um estudo comparativo entre Brasil e Colômbia

Objective: To analyze the socio-demographic profile and caregiving situation of dependent older adults and their family caregivers in Brazil and Colombia. Method: This mixed comparative and exploratory study follows the comparative study stages proposed by Bereday, namely: Description, interpretation, juxtaposition, and comparison. A semi-structured interview was used. National and international ethical principles were followed in the study, with the ethics committee's approval in each country. Results: A total of 250 participants were interviewed: 52 dependent older adults in Brazil and 56 in Colombia, along with 70 family caregivers in Brazil and 72 in Colombia. A total of 68.5 % of the elderly and 83.8 % of the caregivers were women. Twelve categories were created based on the participants' statements, six in the dependent older people and six in the caregivers. Conclusion: Women and daughters were the primary family caregivers, and the Catholic religion was prevalent in both countries. Regarding the caregiving situation in both countries, it stands out that dependent older people and family caregivers feel the presence of a superior being assisting them in overcoming the challenges of caregiving activities.

Objetivo: analizar el perfil sociodemográfico y la situación de cuidado de los adultos mayores dependientes y sus cuidadores familiares en Brasil y Colombia. Método: investigación comparativa mixta y de tipo exploratorio, la cual sigue las fases de estudios comparativos propuestos por Bereday: descripción, interpretación, yuxtaposición y comparación. Se utilizó una entrevista semiestructurada. Se tuvieron en cuenta los principios éticos nacionales e internacionales dentro del estudio, con la aprobación de cada comité de ética en cada país. Resultados: fueron entrevistados 250 participantes: 52 adultos mayores dependientes en Brasil y 56 en Colombia, y 70 cuidadores familiares en Brasil y 72 en Colombia. El 68,5 % de los adultos mayores y el 83,8 % de los cuidadores eran mujeres. Se construyeron doce categorías a partir del discurso de los participantes, seis en los adultos mayores dependientes y seis en los cuidadores. Conclusión: hubo predominio de las mujeres e hijas como la mayoría de las cuidadoras familiares, así como la religión católica como la más prevalente en ambos países. Respecto a la situación de cuidado, en ambos países destaca que los adultos mayores dependientes y los cuidadores familiares sienten la presencia de un ser superior ayudándolos a superar los desafíos en las actividades de cuidado.

Objetivo: analisar o perfil sociodemográfico e a situação de cuidado dos idosos dependentes e seus cuidadores familiares no Brasil e na Colômbia. Materiais e método: pesquisa comparativa mista e de tipo exploratório, a qual segue as fases de estudos comparativos propostos por Bereday: descrição, interpretação, justaposição e comparação. Foi utilizada entrevista semiestrutura. Foram considerados os princípios éticos nacionais e internacionais para o estudo, com a aprovação de cada comitê de ética dos referidos países. Resultados: foram entrevistados 250 participantes, dos quais 52 idosos dependentes no Brasil e 56 na Colômbia, e 70 cuidadores familiares no Brasil e 72 na Colômbia. 68,5 % dos idosos e 83,8 % dos cuidadores eram mulheres. Foram construídas 12 categorias a partir do discurso dos participantes, seis nos idosos dependentes e seis nos cuidadores. Conclusões: houve predomínio das mulheres e filhas como cuidadoras familiares, bem como a religião católica como a mais prevalente em ambos os países. A respeito da situação de cuidado, nos dois países, destaca-se que os idosos dependentes e os cuidadores familiares sentem a presença de um ser superior que os ajuda a superar os desafios das atividades de cuidado.

[The particularity of large-scale simulation: from learning by observation to professionalization]. / La particularité de la simulation à grande échelle : de l'apprentissage par l'observation vers la professionnalisation.

A full-scale exercise designed to test emergency plans, large-scale simulation in the face of nuclear, radiological, biological, chemical and explosive (NRBCe) risks also contributes to the health response and the organization of the health system. For future caregivers working in hospitals, it allows them to take into consideration the impact of an event outside the hospital on their hospital care. It enables them to pool their responses to a possible disaster, in particular by identifying the health response (Health Response Organization) and the security response (Civil Security Response Organization).

Fátima Sampaio: vida e trajetória profissional como marcos da história da enfermagem / Fátima Sampaio: life and professional history as marks in the history of nursing / Fátima Sampaio: vida e historia profesional como marcas en la historia de la enfermería

Objetivo: descrever a trajetória profissional da piauiense Maria do Rozário de Fátima Borges Sampaio no ensino, na gestão e nos Conselhos Federal e Regional de Enfermagem. Métodos: estudo de natureza histórico-biográfica, embasado na metodologia da história oral de vida, cuja construção foi fundamentada em fontes orais, entrevista semiestruturada; e escritas, como atas, resoluções e comunicados disponibilizados pelo Conselho Federal de Enfermagem e Conselho Regional de Enfermagem ­ seção Piauí. A análise dos dados ocorreu para articular as informações captadas nas fontes para se construir a narrativa histórica. Resultados: Foram apresentados em dois quadros, que deram origem a três categorias discursivas: Vida e formação ­ de menina do interior à mestre; Ensino e gestão ­ todo enfermeiro é um educador e um gestor; Entidades de classe ­ representação da enfermagem e do Piauí. Conclusão: a história de Maria do Rozário de Fátima Borges Sampaio mostra uma mulher determinada e compromissada com a profissão, forte para enfrentar desafios, sensível no trato com o paciente e a complexidade deste, questionadora, estudiosa, dedicada e ética nas decisões, tanto no que se refere à assistência de enfermagem quanto às deliberações voltadas aos órgãos dos quais participou e presidiu. (AU)

Objective: to describe the professional trajectory of Maria do Rozário de Fátima Borges Sampaio, from Piauí, in teaching, management and in the Federal and Regional Councils of Nursing. Methods: a historical-biographical study, based on the methodology of oral history of life, whose construction was based on oral sources, semi-structured interviews, and written sources, such as minutes, resolutions, and communications made available by the Federal Council of Nursing and the Regional Council of Nursing - Piauí section. Data analysis occurred to articulate the information captured in the sources to build the historical narrative. Results: They were presented in two tables, which gave rise to three discursive categories: Life and training - from countryside girl to master; Teaching and management - every nurse is an educator and a manager; Class entities - representation of nursing and Piauí. Conclusion: the history of Maria do Rozário de Fátima Borges Sampaio shows a woman determined and committed to the profession, strong to face challenges, sensitive in dealing with patients and their complexity, questioning, studious, dedicated and ethical in her decisions, both in terms of nursing care and in terms of the deliberations focused on the bodies of which she participated and presided. (AU)

Objetivo: describir la trayectoria profesional de Maria do Rozário de Fátima Borges Sampaio, de Piauí, en la docencia, la gestión y en los Consejos Federal y Regional de Enfermería. Métodos: estudio de naturaleza histórico-biográfica, basado en la metodología de la historia oral de la vida, cuya construcción se fundamenta en fuentes orales, entrevistas semiestructuradas; y escritas, como atas, resoluciones y comunicados disponibles por el Consejo Federal de Enfermería y el Consejo Regional de Enfermería - sede Piauí. El análisis de los datos se produjo para articular la información captada en las fuentes para construir el relato histórico. Resultados: Se presentaron en dos cuadros, que dieron lugar a tres categorías discursivas: Vida y formación - de campesina a maestra; Enseñanza y gestión - toda enfermera es educadora y gestora; Entidades de clase - representación de la enfermería y de Piauí. Conclusión: la historia de Maria do Rozário de Fátima Borges Sampaio muestra a una mujer decidida y comprometida con la profesión, fuerte para afrontar los retos, sensible en el trato con los pacientes y su complejidad, cuestionadora, estudiosa, dedicada y ética en sus decisiones, tanto en lo que se refiere a los cuidados de enfermería como a las deliberaciones centradas en los órganos de los que participó y presidió. (AU)

Comparison of systemic inflammatory profiles in COVID-19 and community-acquired pneumonia patients: a prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory responses contribute to tissue damage in COVID-19 and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Although predictive values of different inflammatory biomarkers have been reported in both, similarities and differences of inflammatory profiles between these conditions remain uncertain. Therefore, we aimed to determine the similarities and differences of the inflammatory profiles between COVID-19 and CAP, and their association with clinical outcomes. METHODS: We report a prospective observational cohort study; conducted in a reference hospital in Latin America. Patients with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia and CAP were included. Multiplex (Luminex) cytokine assays were used to measure the plasma concentration of 14 cytokines at hospital admission. After comparing similarities and differences in the inflammatory profile between COVID-19 and CAP patients, an unsupervised classification method (i.e., hierarchical clustering) was used to identify subpopulations within COVID-19 and CAP patients. RESULTS: A total of 160 patients were included, 62.5% were diagnosed with COVID-19 (100/160), and 37.5% with CAP (60/160). Using the hierarchical clustering, COVID-19 and CAP patients were divided based on its inflammatory profile: pauci, moderate, and hyper-inflammatory immune response. COVID-19 hyper-inflammatory subpopulation had the highest mortality. COVID-19 hyper-inflammatory subpopulation, compared to pauci-inflammatory, had higher levels of IL-10 (median [IQR] 61.4 [42.0-109.4] vs 13.0 [5.0-24.9], P: < 0.001), IL-6 (48.1 [22.3-82.6] vs 9.1 [0.1-30.4], P: < 0.001), among others. Hyper-inflammatory vs pauci-inflammatory CAP patients were characterized by elevation of IFN2 (48.8 [29.7-110.5] vs 3.0 [1.7-10.3], P: < 0.001), TNFα (36.3 [24.8-53.4] vs 13.1 [11.3-16.9], P: < 0.001), among others. Hyper-inflammatory subpopulations in COVID-19 and CAP compared to the corresponding pauci-inflammatory subpopulations had higher MCP-1. CONCLUSIONS: Our data highlights three distinct subpopulations in COVID-19 and CAP, with differences in inflammatory marker profiles and risks of adverse clinical outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This is a prospective study, therefore no health care intervention were applied to participants and trial registration is not applicable.

Identification of the main proteins secreted by Kluyveromyces marxianus and their possible roles in antagonistic activity against fungi.

Lytic enzymes secreted by Kluyveromyces marxianus can lyse Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. Their ability to hydrolyze yeast cell walls can be used in biotechnological applications, such as the production of glucans and protoplasts, as well as a biological control agent against plant pathogenic fungi. Herein, 27 proteins secreted by K. marxianus were identified by mass spectrometry analyses. Importantly, 14 out of the 27 proteins were classified as hydrolases. Indeed, the enzyme extract secreted by K. marxianus caused damage to S. cerevisiae cells and reduced yeast cell viability. Moreover, K marxianus inhibited spore germination and mycelial growth of the phytopathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea in simultaneous cocultivation assays. We suggest that this inhibition may be partially related to the yeast's ability to secrete lytic enzymes. Consistent with the in vitro antagonistic tests, K. marxianus was able to protect strawberry fruits inoculated with B. cinerea. Therefore, these findings suggest that K. marxianus possesses potential as a biocontrol agent against strawberry gray mold during the postharvest stage and may also have potential against other phytopathogenic fungi by means of its lytic enzymatic arsenal.